Doing mathematical calculations sometimes becomes lengthy, complicated and full of drudgery. The calculations sometimes become so complicated that it shadows over the natural original thinking. By this reason, many of school going children do not find mathematics interesting. It creates aversion to mathematics as a subject and that ultimately affects the whole attitude of the students towards whole study. Vedic mathematics rediscovered the joy of doing mathematical calculations.
Doing calculations in Vedic Mathematics is very simple, quicker and interesting. It also helps doing most of the mathematical calculations mentally. The requirement while solving a mathematical calculation through the use of Vedic Mathematics is to understand the specific vedic mathematics sutra required to be used in the calculation.
There are sixteen sutras and thirteen sub-sutras used in Vedic mathematics followed by the pioneering work of Sri Bharati Krishna Thirthaji who rediscovered the ancient system of mathematics from the Vedas (Atharva veda).The sutras are practical and find its meaning only in actual mathematical calculation.
The followings are the sutras and sub-sutras used while doing calculations through Vedic mathematics.
SUB-SUTRAS (COROLLARIES)
| Sub-sutra | Meaning |
| Anurupyena | Proportionately |
| Sisyate sesasamjnah | The remainder remains constant |
| Adyamadyenantyamantyena | The first by the first and last by the last |
| Kevalaih Saptakam Gunyat | For seven the multiplicand is 143 |
| Vestanam | By osculation |
| Yavadunam Tavadunam | Lessen by the deficiency |
| Yavadunam Tavadunikrtya Varganca Yojayet | Whatever the deficiency lessen by that amount and set up the square of the deficiency |
| Antyayordasake’pi | Last totaling ten |
| Antyayoreva | Only the last terms |
| Samuccayagunitah | The sum of the products |
| Lopanasthapanabhyam | By alternative elimination and retention |
| Vilokanam | By mere Observation |
| Gunitasamuccayah Samuccayagunitah | The product of the sum is the sum of the products |
Here is an example of application of sutras in doing mathematical calculation. Let us see the applicability of the sutra “Ekadhikena Purvena”. The meaning of this sutra is “By one more than the one before”.
First we have to find out where this sutra is applicable. Suppose we are given to calculate the following multiplication:
35 × 35
In this problem we can observe that the digits in the ten’s place is same and the sum of the digits in the one’s place is ten. This is typically a place where one can use this sutra. The sutra says “By one more than the one before”. Here it means that to multiply the numbers let us multiply the number before (Here it is the number at the ten’s place) with one more than itself. The digit in the ten’s place is 3. So multiply it with 4 to get 12 which is the left part of the answer. Now multiply the numbers in the one’s place with each other to get the result of the right part. So it becomes as follows:
35
35
( 3 × 4) ( 5 × 5)
12 25
The answer is 1225. Wherever the digits in the ten’s place is same and the sum of the digits in the one’s place is ten follow the sutra and write down the result mentally.
Just another example:
85
85
7225 (8 × 9)( 5 × 5)
Is it not interesting?
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